extensions [ nw ] turtles-own [ ; General variable ; Segregation variables happy? similar-nearby ;; how many neighboring patches have a turtle with my color? other-nearby ;; how many have a turtle of another color? total-nearby ;; sum of previous two variables ] globals [ ; General Variables X ; Segregation Variables percent-similar ;; on the average, what percent of a turtle's neighbors ;; are the same color as that turtle? percent-unhappy ;; what percent of the turtles are unhappy? glob-clust ;; The current global clustering coefficient mean-clust ;; The current mean clustering coefficient path-length ;; colors ;; a list of colors we use to color the turtles init-similar ;; just that init-unhappiness ;; init-glob-clust ;; init-mean-clust ;; init-path-length ;; ] ; CREATE NODES to setup clear-all reset-ticks create-turtles num-nodes [ set shape "person" setxy random-xcor random-ycor ] reset-ticks end ; CREATE NETWORKS ; Erdos-Renyi to setupER3 setup ask links [ die ] ask turtles [ ask turtles with [ who > [ who ] of myself ] [ if random-float 1.0 < link-prob [ create-link-with myself ]]] end to setup-random-directed setup ask links [ die ] ask turtles [ ask turtles with [ who > [ who ] of myself ] [ if random-float 1.0 < link-prob [ create-link-to myself] if random-float 1.0 < link-prob [ create-link-from myself] ]] end to general-setup ifelse (directed? = true) [setup-random-directed] [setupER3] end ; GENERALIZED SEGREGATION ; First simple model with 2 tribes to setup-segregation reset-ticks clear-plot ask turtles [set color red] set X (precision ((%-blue * count turtles) / 100) 0) while [(count turtles with [color = blue]) < X] [ask one-of turtles [set color blue]] update-turtles update-globals set init-unhappiness percent-unhappy set init-similar percent-similar set init-glob-clust glob-clust set init-mean-clust mean-clust set init-path-length path-length tick end ; Multi Tribe Model to setup-multi-segregation reset-ticks clear-plot set colors [red blue green brown violet] ask turtles [set color (item (random number-of-tribes) colors)] update-turtles update-globals set init-unhappiness percent-unhappy set init-similar percent-similar set init-glob-clust glob-clust set init-mean-clust mean-clust set init-path-length path-length tick end ; Dynamic to go-segregation if (all? turtles [happy?]) [ save-segregation-data stop ] if (stop-condition = true ) [ save-segregation-data stop ] relink update-turtles update-globals tick end to relink ask turtles with [ not happy? ] [let L (count my-links) ifelse (relink-all? = true) [ask my-links [die]] [if (L > 0) [ask one-of my-links [die]]] while [count my-links < L] [create-link-with one-of other turtles]] end to go-directed-segregation if (all? turtles [happy?]) [ save-segregation-data stop ] if (stop-condition = true ) [ save-segregation-data stop ] relink-directed update-turtles update-globals tick end to relink-directed ask turtles with [ not happy? ] [let L (count my-out-links) ifelse (relink-all? = true) [ask my-out-links [die]] [if (L > 0) [ask one-of my-out-links [die]]] while [count my-out-links < L] [create-link-to one-of other turtles]] end to general-go if (all? turtles [happy?]) [ save-segregation-data stop ] if (stop-condition = true ) [ save-segregation-data stop ] ifelse (directed? = true) [go-directed-segregation] [go-segregation] end ; General segregation functions to update-turtles ask turtles [ ; Let us see how many turtles of the same tribe are being followed (or in neighborhood). Notice that "out-link-neighbors" counts directed links from the caller, or undirected links with the caller. set similar-nearby count (out-link-neighbors) with [color = [color] of myself] ;; count the total number of friends being followed(or in neighborhood) set total-nearby count (out-link-neighbors) ;; count the number of followed (or in neighborhood) that are of a different tribe set other-nearby count (out-link-neighbors) with [color != [color] of myself] ;; The agent happy if there are at least the minimal number of same-colored and different colored neighbors being followed (or in neighborhood) ; Turtles with no friends will be happyby default (total-nearby = 0) set happy? (similar-nearby >= ( %-similar-wanted * total-nearby / 100 ) and other-nearby >= ( %-different-wanted * total-nearby / 100 )) ; If both %-similar-wanted and %-different-wanted are greater than zero, then turtles with a single link will loop infinitely (since either similar-nearby ot other-nearby will be zero). ; To solve this, I will assume that turtles with a single link are by default happy if (total-nearby = 1) [set happy? true] ] end to update-globals let similar-neighbors sum [similar-nearby] of turtles let total-neighbors sum [total-nearby] of turtles set percent-similar precision ((similar-neighbors / total-neighbors) * 100) 3 set percent-unhappy precision ((count turtles with [not happy?]) / (count turtles) * 100) 3 set glob-clust global-clustering-coefficient set mean-clust precision((mean [ nw:clustering-coefficient ] of turtles)) 3 ifelse (nw:mean-path-length = false) [set path-length false] [set path-length (precision (nw:mean-path-length) 3)] end to save-segregation-data if (save-data? = true) [ file-open "Tribalismlowdense.csv" file-print (list ("") (count turtles) (count links) (link-prob) (directed?) (network-density) (avg-degree) (init-glob-clust) (glob-clust) (init-mean-clust) (mean-clust) (init-path-length) (path-length) ;These are network variables (%-blue) (number-of-tribes) (%-similar-wanted) (%-different-wanted) (relink-all?) ;These are the parameters of the Schelling dynamic (init-unhappiness) (percent-unhappy) (init-similar) (percent-similar) (ticks) ("")) ;These are the segregation, happiness and speed measures for the model. file-close] end ; Reporters to-report stop-condition ifelse (ticks > 500) [report true] [report false] end to-report global-clustering-coefficient let closed-triplets sum [ nw:clustering-coefficient * count my-links * (count my-links - 1) ] of turtles let triplets sum [ count my-links * (count my-links - 1) ] of turtles report precision (closed-triplets / triplets) 3 end to-report network-density ;Defined as number of actual connections over number of potential connections let N count turtles let L count links ifelse (directed? = true) [report precision (L / (N * (N - 1))) 3] [report precision ((2 * L) / (N * (N - 1))) 3] end to-report avg-degree let N count turtles let L count links ifelse (directed? = true) [report precision (L / N ) 3] [report precision ((2 * L) / N ) 3] end ; LAYOUT to layout repeat 3 [ ;; the more turtles we have to fit into the same amount of space, ;; the smaller the inputs to layout-spring we'll need to use let factor sqrt count turtles ;; numbers here are arbitrarily chosen for pleasing appearance layout-spring turtles links (1 / factor) (7 / factor) (16 / factor) display ;; for smooth animation ] ;; don't bump the edges of the world let x-offset max [xcor] of turtles + min [xcor] of turtles let y-offset max [ycor] of turtles + min [ycor] of turtles ;; big jumps look funny, so only adjust a little each time set x-offset limit-magnitude x-offset 0.1 set y-offset limit-magnitude y-offset 0.1 ask turtles [ setxy (xcor - x-offset / 2) (ycor - y-offset / 2) ] end to-report limit-magnitude [number limit] if number > limit [ report limit ] if number < (- limit) [ report (- limit) ] report number end @#$#@#$#@ GRAPHICS-WINDOW 208 23 686 502 -1 -1 14.242424242424242 1 10 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 -16 16 -16 16 1 1 1 ticks 30.0 SLIDER 12 65 184 98 num-nodes num-nodes 2 1000 100.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL BUTTON 57 140 131 173 Setup setup\nreset-ticks NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 SLIDER 700 110 903 143 link-prob link-prob 0 0.5 0.02 0.01 1 NIL HORIZONTAL BUTTON 701 152 902 185 Setup Network setupER3 NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 MONITOR 9 262 104 307 Max Links max [count link-neighbors] of turtles 17 1 11 MONITOR 106 262 204 307 Min Links min [count link-neighbors] of turtles 17 1 11 MONITOR 9 213 103 258 Number Links count links 17 1 11 TEXTBOX 14 187 199 218 Network Properties 16 0.0 1 TEXTBOX 701 36 955 96 Erdős–Rényi Random Networks 25 0.0 1 MONITOR 105 213 204 258 Number Nodes count turtles 17 1 11 MONITOR 7 403 203 448 Mean Clustering Coefficient precision (mean [ nw:clustering-coefficient ] of turtles) 5 17 1 11 MONITOR 8 499 200 544 Average Path Length precision (nw:mean-path-length) 4 17 1 11 MONITOR 9 309 203 354 Average Degree avg-degree 17 1 11 BUTTON 51 21 140 54 Clear All clear-all NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 BUTTON 225 518 304 551 Layout let D 0\nwhile [D < 4] [\nlayout\nset D (D + 1)] NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 MONITOR 7 356 203 401 Network Density network-density 17 1 11 TEXTBOX 1114 41 1619 101 Schelling Online Segregation Model 25 0.0 1 SLIDER 1161 164 1358 197 %-blue %-blue 0 100 25.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL BUTTON 739 297 809 330 Setup setup-segregation NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 SLIDER 1161 85 1358 118 %-similar-wanted %-similar-wanted 0 100 45.0 1 1 % HORIZONTAL SLIDER 1161 123 1358 156 %-different-wanted %-different-wanted 0 100 30.0 1 1 % HORIZONTAL BUTTON 916 320 1033 353 Go go-segregation T 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 MONITOR 1623 307 1733 352 Percent Similar percent-similar 17 1 11 MONITOR 1624 356 1735 401 Percent Unhappy percent-unhappy 17 1 11 PLOT 1072 257 1613 604 Percentages Time % 0.0 25.0 0.0 100.0 true true "" "" PENS "% Similar" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "" "plot percent-similar" "% Unhappy" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" "plot percent-unhappy" SLIDER 1163 205 1361 238 number-of-tribes number-of-tribes 1 5 2.0 1 1 NIL HORIZONTAL TEXTBOX 710 248 860 286 Two Tribes Relink Dynamic Model 16 0.0 1 TEXTBOX 711 355 861 393 Multi Tribe Relink Dynamic Model 16 0.0 1 BUTTON 739 405 813 438 Setup setup-multi-segregation NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 TEXTBOX 1073 175 1223 193 Two Tribes: 14 0.0 1 TEXTBOX 1078 212 1228 230 Multi Tribe: 14 0.0 1 TEXTBOX 1383 95 1533 113 Relink Dynamic: 14 0.0 1 SWITCH 1497 132 1621 165 save-data? save-data? 0 1 -1000 BUTTON 701 191 904 224 Setup Directed Network setup-random-directed NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 SWITCH 1496 85 1620 118 relink-all? relink-all? 0 1 -1000 TEXTBOX 1070 133 1163 151 Tolerance: 14 0.0 1 TEXTBOX 1069 98 1156 116 Intolerance: 14 0.0 1 TEXTBOX 1385 143 1535 161 Save Data: 14 0.0 1 BUTTON 916 358 1034 391 Go-Directed go-directed-segregation T 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 SWITCH 918 111 1042 144 directed? directed? 0 1 -1000 BUTTON 918 150 1043 183 General Setup general-setup NIL 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 BUTTON 916 396 1035 429 General Go general-go T 1 T OBSERVER NIL NIL NIL NIL 1 TEXTBOX 921 292 1038 311 Start Dynamic 16 0.0 1 MONITOR 7 451 202 496 Global Clustering Coefficient global-clustering-coefficient 17 1 11 @#$#@#$#@ ## WHAT IS IT? The description of the model can be found in the paper attached and will be later summarized here. @#$#@#$#@ default true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 5 40 250 150 205 260 250 airplane true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 135 15 120 60 120 105 15 165 15 195 120 180 135 240 105 270 120 285 150 270 180 285 210 270 165 240 180 180 285 195 285 165 180 105 180 60 165 15 arrow true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 0 0 150 105 150 105 293 195 293 195 150 300 150 box false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 285 285 225 285 75 150 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 135 15 75 150 15 285 75 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 75 15 225 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 285 150 135 Line -16777216 false 150 135 15 75 Line -16777216 false 150 135 285 75 bug true 0 Circle -7500403 true true 96 182 108 Circle -7500403 true true 110 127 80 Circle -7500403 true true 110 75 80 Line -7500403 true 150 100 80 30 Line -7500403 true 150 100 220 30 butterfly true 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 209 199 225 225 225 255 195 270 165 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 165 89 198 75 225 75 255 105 270 135 255 150 240 Polygon -7500403 true true 139 148 100 105 55 90 25 90 10 105 10 135 25 180 40 195 85 194 139 163 Polygon -7500403 true true 162 150 200 105 245 90 275 90 290 105 290 135 275 180 260 195 215 195 162 165 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 135 225 120 150 135 120 150 105 165 120 180 150 165 225 Circle -16777216 true false 135 90 30 Line -16777216 false 150 105 195 60 Line -16777216 false 150 105 105 60 car false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 300 180 279 164 261 144 240 135 226 132 213 106 203 84 185 63 159 50 135 50 75 60 0 150 0 165 0 225 300 225 300 180 Circle -16777216 true false 180 180 90 Circle -16777216 true false 30 180 90 Polygon -16777216 true false 162 80 132 78 134 135 209 135 194 105 189 96 180 89 Circle -7500403 true true 47 195 58 Circle -7500403 true true 195 195 58 circle false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 circle 2 false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 cow false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 200 193 197 249 179 249 177 196 166 187 140 189 93 191 78 179 72 211 49 209 48 181 37 149 25 120 25 89 45 72 103 84 179 75 198 76 252 64 272 81 293 103 285 121 255 121 242 118 224 167 Polygon -7500403 true true 73 210 86 251 62 249 48 208 Polygon -7500403 true true 25 114 16 195 9 204 23 213 25 200 39 123 cylinder false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 dot false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 90 90 120 face happy false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 8 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 255 90 239 62 213 47 191 67 179 90 203 109 218 150 225 192 218 210 203 227 181 251 194 236 217 212 240 face neutral false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 7 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Rectangle -16777216 true false 60 195 240 225 face sad false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 8 8 285 Circle -16777216 true false 60 75 60 Circle -16777216 true false 180 75 60 Polygon -16777216 true false 150 168 90 184 62 210 47 232 67 244 90 220 109 205 150 198 192 205 210 220 227 242 251 229 236 206 212 183 fish false 0 Polygon -1 true false 44 131 21 87 15 86 0 120 15 150 0 180 13 214 20 212 45 166 Polygon -1 true false 135 195 119 235 95 218 76 210 46 204 60 165 Polygon -1 true false 75 45 83 77 71 103 86 114 166 78 135 60 Polygon -7500403 true true 30 136 151 77 226 81 280 119 292 146 292 160 287 170 270 195 195 210 151 212 30 166 Circle -16777216 true false 215 106 30 flag false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 60 15 75 300 Polygon -7500403 true true 90 150 270 90 90 30 Line -7500403 true 75 135 90 135 Line -7500403 true 75 45 90 45 flower false 0 Polygon -10899396 true false 135 120 165 165 180 210 180 240 150 300 165 300 195 240 195 195 165 135 Circle -7500403 true true 85 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 147 38 Circle -7500403 true true 192 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 85 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 40 38 Circle -7500403 true true 177 132 38 Circle -7500403 true true 70 85 38 Circle -7500403 true true 130 25 38 Circle -7500403 true true 96 51 108 Circle -16777216 true false 113 68 74 Polygon -10899396 true false 189 233 219 188 249 173 279 188 234 218 Polygon -10899396 true false 180 255 150 210 105 210 75 240 135 240 house false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 45 120 255 285 Rectangle -16777216 true false 120 210 180 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 15 120 150 15 285 120 Line -16777216 false 30 120 270 120 leaf false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 210 135 195 120 210 60 210 30 195 60 180 60 165 15 135 30 120 15 105 40 104 45 90 60 90 90 105 105 120 120 120 105 60 120 60 135 30 150 15 165 30 180 60 195 60 180 120 195 120 210 105 240 90 255 90 263 104 285 105 270 120 285 135 240 165 240 180 270 195 240 210 180 210 165 195 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 195 135 240 120 255 105 255 105 285 135 285 165 240 165 195 line true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 300 line half true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 0 150 150 pentagon false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 15 15 120 60 285 240 285 285 120 person false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 110 5 80 Polygon -7500403 true true 105 90 120 195 90 285 105 300 135 300 150 225 165 300 195 300 210 285 180 195 195 90 Rectangle -7500403 true true 127 79 172 94 Polygon -7500403 true true 195 90 240 150 225 180 165 105 Polygon -7500403 true true 105 90 60 150 75 180 135 105 plant false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 135 90 165 300 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 255 90 210 45 195 75 255 135 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 255 210 210 255 195 225 255 165 285 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 180 90 135 45 120 75 180 135 210 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 180 165 210 225 180 255 120 210 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 105 90 60 45 45 75 105 135 135 Polygon -7500403 true true 165 105 165 135 225 105 255 45 210 60 Polygon -7500403 true true 135 90 120 45 150 15 180 45 165 90 sheep false 15 Circle -1 true true 203 65 88 Circle -1 true true 70 65 162 Circle -1 true true 150 105 120 Polygon -7500403 true false 218 120 240 165 255 165 278 120 Circle -7500403 true false 214 72 67 Rectangle -1 true true 164 223 179 298 Polygon -1 true true 45 285 30 285 30 240 15 195 45 210 Circle -1 true true 3 83 150 Rectangle -1 true true 65 221 80 296 Polygon -1 true true 195 285 210 285 210 240 240 210 195 210 Polygon -7500403 true false 276 85 285 105 302 99 294 83 Polygon -7500403 true false 219 85 210 105 193 99 201 83 square false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 30 30 270 270 square 2 false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 30 30 270 270 Rectangle -16777216 true false 60 60 240 240 star false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 151 1 185 108 298 108 207 175 242 282 151 216 59 282 94 175 3 108 116 108 target false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 0 0 300 Circle -16777216 true false 30 30 240 Circle -7500403 true true 60 60 180 Circle -16777216 true false 90 90 120 Circle -7500403 true true 120 120 60 tree false 0 Circle -7500403 true true 118 3 94 Rectangle -6459832 true false 120 195 180 300 Circle -7500403 true true 65 21 108 Circle -7500403 true true 116 41 127 Circle -7500403 true true 45 90 120 Circle -7500403 true true 104 74 152 triangle false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 30 15 255 285 255 triangle 2 false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 150 30 15 255 285 255 Polygon -16777216 true false 151 99 225 223 75 224 truck false 0 Rectangle -7500403 true true 4 45 195 187 Polygon -7500403 true true 296 193 296 150 259 134 244 104 208 104 207 194 Rectangle -1 true false 195 60 195 105 Polygon -16777216 true false 238 112 252 141 219 141 218 112 Circle -16777216 true false 234 174 42 Rectangle -7500403 true true 181 185 214 194 Circle -16777216 true false 144 174 42 Circle -16777216 true false 24 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 24 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 144 174 42 Circle -7500403 false true 234 174 42 turtle true 0 Polygon -10899396 true false 215 204 240 233 246 254 228 266 215 252 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84 268 100 267 103 261 77 239 79 231 100 207 98 196 119 201 143 202 160 195 166 210 172 213 173 238 167 251 160 248 154 265 169 264 178 247 186 240 198 260 200 271 217 271 219 262 207 258 195 230 192 198 210 184 227 164 242 144 259 145 284 151 277 141 293 140 299 134 297 127 273 119 270 105 Polygon -7500403 true true -1 195 14 180 36 166 40 153 53 140 82 131 134 133 159 126 188 115 227 108 236 102 238 98 268 86 269 92 281 87 269 103 269 113 x false 0 Polygon -7500403 true true 270 75 225 30 30 225 75 270 Polygon -7500403 true true 30 75 75 30 270 225 225 270 @#$#@#$#@ NetLogo 6.1.0 @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ general-setup setup-segregation general-go general-setup setup-segregation general-go @#$#@#$#@ @#$#@#$#@ default 0.0 -0.2 0 0.0 1.0 0.0 1 1.0 0.0 0.2 0 0.0 1.0 link direction true 0 Line -7500403 true 150 150 90 180 Line -7500403 true 150 150 210 180 @#$#@#$#@ 0 @#$#@#$#@